MEXICO

• Legal framework: 

Constitution of the United Mexican States 5/02/1917 updated up to the last constitutional amendment (2005)
Available on
https://www.senado.gob.mx/comisiones/puntos_constitucionales/docs/CPM_FRANCES.pdf 

Article 9. The right of association may not be restricted. This entails the right of every individual to assemble peacefully for a lawful purpose. Nevertheless, if it concerns active participation in the political life of the country, only Mexican citizens may exercise this right. Meetings attended by people carrying firearms will not be allowed to deliberate. An assembly or meeting whose purpose is to formulate a petition, or even a complaint against the action of an authority, cannot be dissolved. Such a gathering cannot be presumed to be unlawful, unless it expresses insults against the authority. Illegality can also be established if violence or other threats are used to intimidate the authority in question, forcing it to act in a direction predetermined by the group.

III. Philanthropic associations of a public or private nature, devoted as much to charitable purposes as to scientific research, teaching, mutual aid between their members or any other lawful purpose, will be authorised to acquire real estate. This authorisation, subject to the terms of a regulatory law, shall nevertheless be limited to property which is indispensable for the direct and immediate achievement of their purpose.

Article 35. Every citizen enjoys the following prerogatives:

III. the right of association. Such a right, exercised freely and individually, enables citizens to participate in the political life of the country, provided that such exercise is carried out in a peaceful manner.

XXII. The dismissal of an employee on the grounds that he belongs to an association or trade union, or that he has taken part in strike action deemed lawful, entails the employer’s responsibility. This will be sanctioned, at the worker’s discretion, either through the binding application of the contract and therefore recognition of the worker’s position, or by ordering compensation for the employee of three months’ salary. The law will determine the situations in which the binding application of the terms of the contract is excusable in favour of the employer. In such cases, compensation will always be paid to the employee. The employee will also be entitled to three months’ compensation if ill-treatment by the employer has forced him to leave work. The same consequence in favour of the employee shall apply when the employer’s breach of probity is directed against the employee’s spouse, descendants, parents or brothers and sisters. This consequence shall not be rescinded when the ill-treatment suffered by the worker originates from dependents or relatives acting with the consent or permission of the employer.

• Legislative framework: 

LEY FEDERAL DE FOMENTO A LAS ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS POR ORGANIZACIONES DE LA SOCIEDAD CIVIL

Nueva Ley publicada en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 9 de febrero de 2004

TEXTO VIGENTE

Última reforma publicada DOF 11-05-2022

Available on https://www.diputados.gob.mx/LeyesBiblio/pdf/LFFAOSC.pdf