Macro-economic and social benchmarks
GDP
(current US$)
2022
GDP Per Capita
(current US$)
2022
GDP Growth
(annual %)
2022
Unemployment (ILO modelled estimate)
(% of population)
2022
GNI Per Capita, Atlas Method
(current USD)
2022
Capital
Bucharest
Surface Area
238,397 km2
Population 2021
19,038,098
Density
80 inhabitants/km2
Political System
Semi-presidential republic
Head of State Since 21 December 2014
Klaus Iohannis President of Romania
Focus: Association / Civil Society
– Constitution of Romania
ARTICLE 9
Trade unions, employers’ associations and professional associations shall be constituted and shall exercise their activity in accordance with their own statutes, under the conditions laid down by law. They shall contribute to the protection of the rights and promotion of the professional, economic and social interests of their members.
ARTICLE 39
Meetings, demonstrations, processions or any other gatherings shall be free and may only be organised and held peacefully and without arms.
https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/fr/text/206936
LAW no. 276 of 27 November 2020 amending and supplementing Government Ordinance no. 26/2000 on associations and foundations
THE ROMANIAN PARLIAMENT – Published in the MONITEUR OFFICIEL no. 1166 of 2 December 2020
https://legislatie.just.ro/Public/DetaliiDocumentAfis/234020
UN: Date of admission: 14-12-1955
ICESCR Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Signature :
Ratification/Accession: 28 May 1993
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Signature :
Accession : Ratification : 28 May 1993
Convention on the Rights of the Child: Signature :
Ratification/Accession : 28 May 1993
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: Signature: NO
Ratification/Accession: NO
UNESCO: Member since 1956
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Signature: 04 Sept. 1980
Ratification/Accession: 07 Jan. 1982
Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions :
Ratification/Accession: 20 July 2006
Currency: Euro
Member of the EU: since 1 January 2007
CoE (Council of Europe): 7 October 1993
Schengen area: member of the Schengen area since 2007
European Convention on Human Rights: Ratified on 20 JUNE 1994
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union: N/A
The country in the world through international indices
Population Growth
(annual %)
2022
Fertility Rate
(births per woman)
2022
Ratio of Poor Population to National Poverty Line
(% of population)
2020
Youth Literacy Rate
(% of young people aged 15 to 24)
2021
Net Enrollment Rate
(% population)
#
Internet Users
(% of population)
2021
Access to Electricity
(% of population)
2021
Intentional Homicides
(per 100,000 people)
2021
Happiness Index /10
2022
Press Freedom Index /10
2023
GINI Index /100
2018
Democracy Index /10
2022
Corruption Perceptions Index /100
Transparency International
2022
ITUC Global Rights Index /5
#
HDI
2021
List of sources, reports and data