Macro-economic and social benchmarks
GDP
(current US$)
2021
GDP Per Capita
(current US$)
2021
GDP Growth
(annual %)
2021
Unemployment
(% of population)
2021
GNI Per Capita, Atlas Method
(current USD)
2021
Capital
Mogadishu
Surface area
637,660 km²
Population 2021
17,065,581
Density 2021
27 inhabitants/km2
Political system
Federal parliamentary republic
Head of state Since 23 May 2022
Hassan Sheikh Mohamoud
Focus: Association / Civil Society
– Federal Republic of Somalia, Provisional Constitution 2012 (Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka ee Soomaaliya, Dastuurka Ku-Meel Gaarka 2012) http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/research/Somalia-Constitution2012.pdf
Article 16. Freedom of Association
Every person has the right to associate with other individuals and groups. This includes the right to form and belong to organizations, including trade unions and political parties. It also includes the right not to associate with others, and a person cannot be forced to associate with any other individual or group.
Article 20 Freedom of Assembly, Demonstration, Protest, and Petition
(1) Every person has the right to organize and participate in meetings, and to demonstrate and protest peacefully, without requiring prior authorization.
(2) Every person has the right to present petitions to State Institutions.
UN: accession 20/09/1960
ICESCR Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Signature: NO,
Ratification/Accession: Accession 24/01/1990
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: Accession 24/01/1990
Convention on the Rights of the Child: Signature: 09/05/2002, Ratification/Accession: Ratification 01/10/2015
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: NO
UNESCO: Member since 1960 – Conventions signed and/or ratified from 2009 to 2020
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: NO
Currency: Somali shilling
African Union: 25 May 1963
African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights: 31 July 1985
European Convention on Human Rights: NO
ACP (African, Caribbean and Pacific countries): N/A
Arab League: 1974
IGAD (Intergovernmental Authority on Development): 1996
The country in the world through international indices
Population Growth
(annual %)
2021
Fertility Rate
(births per woman)
2020
Ratio of Poor Population to National Poverty Line
(% of population)
#
Youth Literacy Rate
(% of young people aged 15-24)
2016
Net Enrollment Rate
(% population)
#
Internet Users
(% of population)
2017
Access to Electricity
(% of population)
2020
Intentional Homicides
(per 100,000 people)
2012
Happiness Index /10
2019
Press Freedom Index /10
2022
GINI Index /100
2017
Democracy Index /10
#
Corruption Perceptions Index /100
Transparency International
2022
ITUC Global Rights Index /5
Rights not guaranteed due to breakdown of rule of law
#
HDI
2008
List of sources, reports and data