Macro-economic and social benchmarks
GDP
(current US$)
2020
GDP Per Capita
(current US$)
2020
GDP Growth
(annual %)
2020
Unemployment
(% of population)
2022
GNI Per Capita, Atlas Method
(current USD)
2019
Capital
Ashgabat
Surface area
488,100 km2
Population 2021
6,341,855
Density 2021
13 inhabitants/km2
Political system
Presidential republic
Head of State Since 19 March 2022
Serdar Berdimuhamedow
Focus: Association / Civil Society
– Turkmenistan’s Constitution of 2008 with Amendments through 2016
https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Turkmenistan_2016.pdf?lang=en
Article 43
Citizens shall be guaranteed freedom of assembly, rallies and demonstrations and other mass events in the manner prescribed by law.
Article 44
Citizens shall have the right to form political parties and other public associations operating within the framework of the Constitution and laws.
The establishment and activity of political parties, and other public associations, aimed at bringing violent change to the constitutional order, introducing violence in their activity, opposing the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens, advocating war, hatred on the basis of colour, national or religious hatred, encroaching on the health and morality of the people, as well as the political parties with ethnic or religious attributes shall be prohibited
– Article 51 of the Civil Code of March 1, 1999
THE LAW OF TURKMENISTAN ON PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS
https://www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/ELECTRONIC/82177/89730/F1960066479/TKM82177%20Eng.pdf
– The 2015 Act on the Organization and Conduct of Assemblies, Rallies, Demonstrations and Other Mass Events
UN: accession 02/03/1992
ICESCR Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Signature: NO,
Ratification/Accession: Accession 01/05/1997
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: Accession 01/05/1997
Convention on the Rights of the Child: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: Accession 20/09/1993
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: NO
UNESCO: Member since 1993
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Signature: NO, Ratification/Accession: Accession 01/05/1997
Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions: Accession 2/04/2021
Currency: Turkmen manat
ECO (Economic Cooperation Organisation): 1990
The country in the world through international indices
Population Growth
(annual %)
2022
Fertility Rate
(births per woman)
2021
Ratio of Poor Population to National Poverty Line
(% of population)
2012
Youth Literacy Rate
(% of young people aged 15-24)
2014
Net Enrollment Rate
(% of population)
#
Internet Users
(% of population)
2017
Access to Electricity
(% of population)
2021
Intentional Homicides
(per 100,000 people)
2015
Happiness Index /10
2022
Press Freedom Index /10
2023
GINI Index /100
2019
Democracy Index /10
2022
Corruption Perceptions Index /100
Transparency International
2022
ITUC Global Rights Index /5
#
HDI
2021
List of sources, reports and data