Macro-economic and social benchmarks
GDP
(current US$)
2021
GDP Per Capita
(current US$)
2021
GDP Growth
(annual %)
2021
Unemployment
(% of population)
2021
GNI Per Capita, Atlas Method
(current USD)
2021
Capital
Ankara
Surface Area
131 957 km2
Population 2021
85,042,736
Density 2018
81.3 inhabitants/km2
Political System
Presidential republic (expanded powers for the president, no longer a prime minister)
Head of State
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (elected 28/08/2014, re-elected 24/06/2018)
Focus: Association / Civil Society
Constitution of 7/11/1982: https://mjp.univ-perp.fr/constit/tr1982.htm#1
Chapter XI. Rights and freedoms of assembly
Article 33
Everyone has the right to found, join or withdraw from an association without prior authorization.
No one may be compelled to join or remain a member of an association.
The freedom to form an association may be restricted only by law and for reasons of national security or public order or in order to prevent the commission of a crime, to preserve public health or morality or to protect the freedoms of others.
The forms, conditions and procedures applicable to the exercise of the freedom to form an association are laid down by law.
2004 Law on Associations. https://www.axl.cefan.ulaval.ca/asie/turquie-loi-assoc2004.htm
2020: Amendments adopted to the Law on Associations of the Republic of Turkey (Law No. 5253, Official Gazette, No. 25649). The effect of these amendments is to require an association to inform the local administrative authority of any change in its membership within thirty days, otherwise it will be liable to a penalty.
UN: accession 10/24/1945
ICESCR Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights: Signature: 2000, Ratification/Accession: 2003
ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Signature: 2000, Ratification/Accession: 2003
Convention on the Rights of the Child: Signature: 1990, Ratification/Accession: 1995
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families: Signature: 1999, Ratification/Accession: 2004
UNESCO: Conventions signed and/or ratified from 1965 to 2019
CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women: Accession: 20/12/1985
EU member country: NO – Candidate status since 12/1999 – Opening of negotiations since 2005 – Closing of negotiations since 2019
League of Arab States: observer member (2011)
Currency: Turkish lira Member of the euro zone: NO
Schengen area: NO
European Convention on Human Rights:
Signature: 04/11/1950 Ratification: 18/05/1954 Entry into force: 18/05/1954
The country in the world through international indices
Population Growth
(annual %)
2021
Fertility Rate
(births per woman)
2020
Ratio of Poor Population to National Poverty Line
(% of population)
2019
Youth Literacy Rate
(% of young people aged 15-24)
2019
Net Enrollment Rate
(% population)
2015
Internet Users
(% of population)
2020
Access to Electricity
(% of population)
2020
Intentional Homicides
(per 100,000 people)
2020
Happiness Index /10
2020
Press Freedom Index /10
#
GINI Index /100
2019
Democracy Index /10
2021
Corruption Perceptions Index /100
Transparency International
2021
ITUC Global Rights Index /5
No guarantee of rights
#
HDI
2022